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In Nigeria, diarrhoea contributes significantly to childhood morbidity and mortality, with suboptimal breastfeeding practices playing a key role. The present study aimed to report on diarrhoea deaths and disab...

School-based breastfeeding education (SBBE) may help improve breastfeeding rates in the long term by instilling in young people a base of evidence-informed knowledge, skills, and attitudes that primes them to ...

Optimising breastfeeding rates is a public health priority. Studies have shown that all forms of extra breastfeeding support increase breastfeeding rates, including support provided by trained health professio...

In Brazil, the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) proposes following the criteria, the “Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding”, International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes and Good birth a...

On topics ranging from breastfeeding in the workplace to co-sleeping perceptions to opioid maintenance treatment, our community tapped into the top-accessed resources of Journal of Human Lactation (JHL) nearly 23,000 times last year. As we wrap up 2018, we compiled this list of the year’s top ten most accessed JHL articles. Planning on using research to […]

At #ILCA18, the Journal of Human Lactation (JHL) awarded the Patricia Martens Annual Award for Excellence in Breastfeeding Research to Dr. Mary Renfrew. This award is given, in memory of Patricia Martens, to a senior researcher with a history of excellence in breastfeeding research which has had an international impact on advancing our knowledge and […]

Journal of Human Lactation, Ahead of Print.

During our 2018 Annual General Meeting, as a part of our #ILCA18 Conference in Portland, Oregon, United States, we gave our members the opportunity to ask questions of our Board of Directors. Since returning from the conference, we have been hard at work implementing suggestions you have made and exploring how the needs of our […]

Journal of Human Lactation, Ahead of Print.

Journal of Human Lactation, Ahead of Print.
Background:Researchers exploring breastfeeding attitudes and knowledge among women suggest the decision to breastfeed is influenced by the male partner, yet few studies address males. Because collegiate males will soon enter fatherhood, assessment of their attitudes and knowledge may inform interventions aimed at increasing intention to breastfeed.Research aim:This study aimed to describe collegiate males’ exposure to, attitude toward, and knowledge about breastfeeding.Methods:A cross-sectional online survey was used with males ≥ 18 years of age enrolled at a Texas public university. Attitude indices measured included social limitations, public displays of breastfeeding, and employer accommodations. Descriptive statistics, correlational and regression analyses were employed.Results:The participants’ (N = 949) average age was 25.48 years; > 80% reported not being fathers. Exposure to breastfeeding was high; > 80% witnessed breastfeeding and/or had someone close breastfeed. High attitude scores indicated social acceptability of breastfeeding. Knowledge appeared limited: only 16% identified the recommendation of exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life; > 50% overlooked the reduced risk for overweight/obesity, ear infections, diarrhea, or food allergies. Correlations between knowledge, exposure, total attitude, and index scores were positive (p < .01) except for the public displays index. Stepwise multiple regression determined that breastfeeding exposure, knowledge scores, and father’s educational level predicted total attitude score, (R2 = 0.13, F (3,851) = 44.02, p < .01).Conclusion:The positive attitudes outcome among this male population is promising for breastfeeding support and advocacy. Education efforts improving knowledge will likely increase behavioral intention, resulting in increased breastfeeding rates and duration.

Journal of Human Lactation, Ahead of Print.
Background:Infant tongue-tie can cause breastfeeding problems, which may be improved by frenotomy. However, controversy exists among the medical community.Research aim:To examine the influence of frenotomy on infants with posterior ankyloglossia, by quantifying the changes in breastfeeding and maternal nipple pain using standardized tools.Methods:Newborns (N = 30) below 12 weeks of age were recruited from the Herzl–Goldfarb Breastfeeding Clinic between April 2014 and April 2015. Diagnosis of posterior ankyloglossia was made clinically. Frenotomy was performed. Mothers received breastfeeding counseling before and after the procedure. Pain and breastfeeding were assessed before the procedure, immediately after the procedure, and after 2 days, 7 days and 14 days. Breastfeeding was assessed using the LATCH Tool and by subjective questioning. Maternal nipple pain was assessed using the Numeric Rating System.Results:No complications were reported with frenotomy. There was a significant improvement in LATCH score immediately post-frenotomy, with an increase in median scores from 7.5 to 8.5 (p < .0001, Wilcoxon signed rank test). There was a significant decrease in median pain score immediately post-frenotomy, from 3.0 on the left nipple and 3.25 on the right nipple, to 0 bilaterally (p < .0001, Wilcoxon signed rank test). Subjective improvement in breastfeeding was reported by 90% of mothers immediately after frenotomy and 83% of mothers at Day 14.Conclusion:Frenotomy for posterior ankyloglossia may improve breastfeeding and nipple pain.

As a part of our ongoing commitment to transform world health through breastfeeding and skilled lactation care, ILCA is honored to welcome Michele Griswold, PhD, MPH, RN, IBCLC as our new advocacy advisor. This position was created in response to requests from members and partners to strengthen ILCA’s position and representation of breastfeeding and skilled […]

Journal of Human Lactation, Ahead of Print.

Contemporary images of women breastfeeding — from breastfeeding selfies to fine art — celebrate breastfeeding outside the home by displaying visual records of these occasions to a wider audience. From brelfies...

Journal of Human Lactation, Ahead of Print.
Background:Breastfeeding self-efficacy has been shown to be a strong predictor of breastfeeding initiation and duration; however, factors associated with breastfeeding self-efficacy in China are unclear.Research aims:The aims were (a) to describe the breastfeeding self-efficacy of parturient women in Shanghai, China and (b) to identify the sociodemographic factors associated with mothers’ breastfeeding self-efficacy.Methods:This is a cross-sectional retrospective descriptive study. Through convenience sampling, breastfeeding mothers (N = 801) were recruited to assess breastfeeding self-efficacy before discharge from the hospital. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the sociodemographic and perinatal characteristics, level of breastfeeding self-efficacy, and correlations between them.Results:In the process of breastfeeding, 52.2% (n = 418) of participants encountered breastfeeding problems, 37.1% (n = 297) perceived an insufficient milk supply, 82.4% (n = 660) reported attending breastfeeding classes, but only 37.1% (n = 297) chose exclusive breastfeeding. Chinese mothers reported a moderate level of breastfeeding self-efficacy, with an item mean score of 3.67 (score = 1–5). Whether or not encountering breastfeeding problems, infant feeding pattern (fully breastfeeding, partial breastfeeding, no breastfeeding) in the previous 24 hours, whether or not perceiving insufficient milk, and main caregiver’s positive attitude toward breastfeeding (ranging from 1 to10, higher score indicating more positive attitude) were correlated with participants’ breastfeeding self-efficacy score. (The correlation coefficients were −0.432, 0.377, −0.364, and 0.353, respectively.)Conclusion:The misperception of insufficient milk and main caregiver’s attitude toward breastfeeding were important factors for breastfeeding self-efficacy. Greater efforts should be made during breastfeeding education and support.

Journal of Human Lactation, Ahead of Print.

Journal of Human Lactation, Ahead of Print.

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) (breast milk feeding without additional food or drink, except medicine) is associated with deceased risk of postnatal transmission of HIV from mother to child.

Prelacteal feeding can be defined as giving any solid or liquid foods other than breast milk during the first three days after birth. It affects timely initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding p...

Although the risk of HIV transmission through breastfeeding is reduced considerably with the use of antiretroviral therapy, infant feeding by HIV positive mothers remains controversial. Weighing risks against ...