Hírolvasó

Early initiation of breastfeeding offers nutritional and immunological benefits to the newborn, which is critical for health and survival. Understanding factors associated with timely initiation of breastfeedi...

Breastfeeding and chestfeeding parents who are part of the workforce face unique challenges. If you are one of them, you have made an excellent choice for yourself and your baby! Below, experienced International Board Certified Lactation Consultant® (IBCLCs®) provide their best advice for combining lactation and employment.  For many of us, how and where we […]

Factors associated with duration of breastfeeding have been usually studied at specific times after birth. Little is known about how much time is added to breastfeeding by each associated factor.

Breastfeeding an infant exposed to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) carries the risk of HIV acquisition whilst not breastfeeding poses a higher risk of death from malnutrition, diarrhea, and pneumonia. In Ug...

Journal of Human Lactation, Ahead of Print.
BackgroundGestational diabetes mellitus is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes and increases subsequent risk of Type 2 diabetes. Researchers have shown that breastfeeding may reduce diabetes risk in women with recent gestational diabetes.Research aimTo assess association between infant feeding and postpartum glucose tolerance in mothers with recent gestational diabetes within 1 year postpartum.MethodsA literature search was performed up to December 31, 2019, retrieving articles related to infant feeding, gestational diabetes, and postpartum glucose regulation in four major databases (PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Embase). Methodological quality was assessed using tools from the United States National Institutes of Health and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.ResultsThe search yielded 15 cohort studies meeting the selection criteria. Of the 15 studies, 13 (86.7%) examined the influence of breastfeeding on postpartum glycemic status, and eight (53.4%) compared the mean blood glucose values between breastfeeding and non-breastfeeding participants. Of the 13 studies that compared postpartum glycemic status, nine (60%) of the research teams found that breastfeeding lowered rates of impaired glucose tolerance, and four (26.7%) showed no significant change. In eight of the studies reporting mean blood glucose values, six (75%) reported significantly lower fasting plasma glucose in breastfeeding participants, with reductions ranging from 3.7 to 7.4 mg/dL (0.2–0.4 mmol/L).ConclusionBreastfeeding has been associated with improved postpartum glucose regulation in mothers with gestational diabetes. In pregnant women with gestational diabetes, breastfeeding may reduce the risk of Type 2 diabetes, and women with gestational diabetes should be strongly encouraged and supported to breastfeed.

We investigate whether correct infant feeding knowledge and practice differ by maternal HIV status in an era of evolving clinical guidelines in rural South Africa.

Journal of Human Lactation, Ahead of Print.
BackgroundIn many countries, hospital-based births are associated with the early initiation of breastfeeding, within the first hour postpartum, especially where the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative guidelines have been adopted. While Indonesia has adopted the guidelines, there is a relatively low rate of early breastfeeding initiation in the country.Research AimTo determine the relationship between place of birth and early breastfeeding initiation in Indonesia.MethodThis study was a retrospective cross-sectional survey using national data from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (N = 14,279). The association between place of birth and early breastfeeding initiation was examined using logistic regression models, adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsThe overall prevalence of early breastfeeding initiation in Indonesia was 60.9% with a greater proportion of mothers giving birth in health facilities. In the multivariate model, there was a significant interaction between wealth index, insurance status, and place of birth on the timing of breastfeeding initiation. In the subgroup of mothers residing in middle wealth index households, women who gave birth in clinics and hospitals had lower odds of early breastfeeding initiation compared to those who gave birth at home (0.56; 0.34, 0.90; p = .018) and (0.58; 0.40, 0.85; p = .005), respectively.ConclusionsPlace of birth was significantly associated with early breastfeeding initiation. There is a need to consider health disparities and to strengthen the implementation of the WHO guidelines, Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative, and International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes, to increase early breastfeeding initiation in Indonesia.

Journal of Human Lactation, Ahead of Print.

Journal of Human Lactation, Ahead of Print.
IntroductionCetirizine hydrochloride is a second-generation H1 histamine antagonist with Food and Drug Administration approval for treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Currently, the Food and Drug Administration does not recommend use of cetirizine during breastfeeding, as there are insufficient studies on both the transference of cetirizine into human milk and the effects of cetirizine in infants.Main issueTo determine the concentration of cetirizine in human milk, samples were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.ManagementBased on calculations, relative infant dose was found to be 1.77% at 24 hr. In addition, there were no reported adverse effects seen in the infants.ConclusionWe suggest that transfer of cetirizine into human milk is minimal and unlikely to pose a significant risk to the breastfeeding infant. This is the first report presenting the transfer of cetirizine in human milk.

Journal of Human Lactation, Ahead of Print.
BackgroundNecrotizing enterocolitis is associated with a high incidence of morbidity and mortality in premature infants. Human milk minimizes necrotizing enterocolitis risk, although the mechanism of protection is not thoroughly understood. Increasingly, dysbiosis of the infant gut microbiome, which is affected by infant diet, is hypothesized to play a role in necrotizing enterocolitis pathophysiology.Research aimThe aim of this scoping review was to summarize the state of the science regarding the hypothesis that the gut microbiome composition is a mediator of the relationship between human milk and decreased incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis within a sample of human infants.MethodsElectronic databases and reference lists were searched for peer-reviewed primary research articles addressing the link between human milk, gut microbiome composition, and subsequent incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis among human infants.ResultsA total of four studies met criteria for inclusion in this review. Of these, evidence supporting the link between human milk, gut microbiome composition, and necrotizing enterocolitis was found in two (50%) studies.ConclusionSome evidence linking all three variables is provided in this review. Given the small number of available studies, and the limitations of those studies, more research is urgently needed to thoroughly understand the protection against necrotizing enterocolitis gained through the provision of human milk.

Journal of Human Lactation, Ahead of Print.

Despite national efforts to promote exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), South Africa’s EBF rate is only 32 %. The aim of this study was to examine the rate of EBF discontinuation and the lived experiences of breast...

Please join ILCA in celebrating Black Breastfeeding Week! Traditionally held in the last week of August, Black Breastfeeding Week was initially created to address racial disparities in breastfeeding. This year’s theme – Revive, Restore, Reclaim – is being celebrated virtually this year due to COVID-19.  A lack of access to culturally matched skilled lactation providers […]

Journal of Human Lactation, Ahead of Print.

Suboptimal breastfeeding practices are driven by multiple factors. Thus, a multi-sectoral approach is necessary to design and implement appropriate policies and programs that protect, promote, and support brea...

Best practices in breastfeeding are often not followed despite appropriate levels of knowledge and positive attitudes regarding the benefits of human milk. For many reasons, some women do not initiate breastfe...

Journal of Human Lactation, Ahead of Print.
Qualitative sampling methods differ from quantitative sampling methods. It is important that one understands those differences, as well as, appropriate qualitative sampling techniques. Appropriate sampling choices enhance the rigor of qualitative research studies. These types of sampling strategies are presented, along with the pros and cons of each. Sample size and data saturation are discussed.

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) has multiple benefits for both the child and the mother; however, there is little data regarding the reason why Mexican mothers with a high socio-economic level abandon EBF before...

Breastfeeding success has been measured based on its duration, disregarding satisfaction with the maternal experience. Studies to investigate maternal satisfaction with breastfeeding are rare, especially in Br...

The health and developmental advantages of human milk and breastfeeding are particularly important for infants with Down syndrome. However, they typically have shorter breastfeeding duration due to sucking iss...